The electron beam e beam irradiation process uses highenergy electrons for a variety of applications, such as the sterilization of singleuse medical devices, contamination control of consumer products, and modification of materials, such as heat shrink tubing, wire and cables and molded parts. Ion beam, focused ion beam, and plasma discharge machining. Electronbeam machining ebm the ebm technique is used for cutting fine holes and slots in any material. Pdf choosing an optimum working value for the electron beam welding input parameters is.
The accelerating voltage the beam current pulse duration energy per pulse power per pulse lens current spot size power density as has already been mentioned in ebm the gun is. Cutting parameters speed, feed, depth of cut independent variables. An ion beam is a type of charged particle beam consisting of ions. Welcome to the course on electron beam machining process. Electronbeam machining ebm is a process where highvelocity electrons concentrated into a. Nhv corporation has been developing powerful electron beam systems to provide them world wide. This process is in some cases the best solution for specific applications. Electron beam equipment eb welding machines electron beam. Capability of making very small holes and slots with high precision, in a short time in any material. The process parameters, which directly affect the machining characteristics in electron beam machining, are.
Laser beam machining lbm using long pulses has been used since long by focusing laser beam to a selective portion of material to create a desired feature on or internal to the substrate. Fabricating copper components with electron beam melting. Electron beam machining ebm electron beam machining is a thermal nontraditional process, uses electrical energy to generate thermal energy for removing material. This property permits the fabrication of nanoscale patterns by using an ebsensitive polymer resist in a process called eb lithography ebl. Define advantage and disadvantage of electron beam machining.
Electron beam welding process applications and equipment. Electric discharge wire cutting electron beam machining laser beam machining plasma arc machining conventional thermal cutting processes 24 electric discharge processes metal removal by a series of discrete electrical discharges sparks causing localized temperatures high enough to melt or vaporize the metal can be used only on electrically. To improve and optimize the responses of a laser beam machining process, the various input machining control parameters are to be set at an optimal value. Located at the same premises as ebe, our associate company, electron beam engineering services ebes provides electron beam welding and laser beam welding systems and weld tooling accessories. It is similar to the electron beam welding machine. Edm machining process is also known as spark erosion machining. Here a steam of high speed electrons impinges on the work surface so that the kinetic energy of electrons is transferred to work producing intense heating. Note that many of the units provided in this thesis are nonsi units. Notes on electron beam machining ebm me mechanical.
Various lbm process commonly used are laser beam drilling lbd, laser beam cutting lbc, laser beam turning lbt and laser beam grooving lbg. Introduction ebm electron beam machining ebm is a thermal material removal process that utilizes a focused beam of highvelocity electrons to perform highspeed drilling and cutting. The beam removes atoms from the workpiece by transferring energy and momentum to. Electron beam machining is required to be carried out in vacuum. Laser beam machining lbm is one of the most widely used thermal energy based noncontact type advance machining process which can be applied for almost whole range of materials. The electron beam polishing equipment technology is brought forward and its characteristic is explained because general processing method cant obtain preferable machining efficiency and product. Mar 11, 2016 in electric discharge machining process an arc is produced when two currentcarrying wires are shortcircuited. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page. Liquid gaseous granular thermal gaseous electrical liquid energy beam gaseous or vacuum laser beam machining electron beam machining ion beam machining tool machining. Nanopore formation by lowenergy focused electron beam. Parametric analysis of cutting parameters for laser beam. If you would like to add a question about a particular application, system feature or the electron beam welding process in general please submit it here. A pulsating stream of highspeed electrons produced by a generator is focused by electrostatic and electromagnetic fields to concentrate energy on a very small area of work. Electron beam machining ebm is a process where highvelocity electrons concentrated into a narrow beam are directed toward the work piece, creating heat and vaporizing the material.
Nternational sciences and ngineering ol o eptember finite. Focused ion beam fib machining is one of the techniques for microfabrication of micro devices. Pdf the influence of the input parameter in case of electron beam. The mechanism by which a laser beam removes material from the surface being worked usually involves a combination of melting and evaporation, although with some materials, such as carbon and. In a vacuum chamber, a beam of highvelocity electrons is focused on a workpiece.
Mar 17, 2016 electron beam machining ebm is a thermal process. Control parameters optimization of laser beam machining using. Effect of processing parameters of electron beam melting machine. In lbm, there are many factors such as beam parameters.
Laser beam machining lbm is a valuable tool for drilling, cutting and milling of almost any material. Electron beam machining ebm and laser beam machining lbm are thermal processes. Electron beam machining is process in which high velocity electrons are concentrated in a narrow beam and then directed towards the workpiece for machining. Electron beam welding inprocess control and monitoring. Electric discharge wire cutting electron beam machining laser. Electron beam, laser beam and plasma arc welding studies by c. Absence of mechanical contact between work piece and tool. Depending upon the intensity of heating the workpiece can melt and vaporize. Essentially, the electron beam machining is based on the effects generated in the workpiece surface layers as a consequence of the penetration in this layer of electrons included in a high energy electron beam.
Electron beam eb machining is a powerful method for micro and nanofabrication because the beam can be focused to a diameter of the order of a few nanometers. Otherwise the electrons would interact with the air molecules, thus they would loose their energy and cutting. Nonconventional methods of machining are used for many engineering applications where the traditional processes fail to be costeffective. Slm and ebm electron beam melting process parameters used for samples. Laser and electron beam additive manufacturing methods of.
Pdf optimising the dynamic process parameters in electron. Study of electron generation in electron beam machining ebm. Laser beam is focussed for melting and vaporizing the unwanted material from the parent material. The systemic models for the electronsmaterial interaction allow establishing the main parameters for each application accelerating voltage, focus current, processing speed etc.
It is thermal, noncontact process, which does not induce any mechanical stresses in the workpiece. Electron beam machining equipment the basic functions of any electron beam gun are to generate free electrons at the cathode, accelerate them to a sufficiently high velocity and to focus them over a small spot size. Both electron beam and gamma ray are used in the radiation chemistry process, but electron is widely used because handling and operation are easier. The kinetic energy of the electrons, upon striking the workpiece, changes to heat, which vaporizes read more. Nanopore formation by lowenergy focused electron beam machining this article has been downloaded from iopscience. Dec 07, 2016 electron beam machining is a kind of machining process by using highvelocity electron beam. Electron beam gun provides high velocity electrons over a very small spot size. A variety of ion beam sources exists, some derived from the mercury vapor thrusters developed by nasa in the 1960s. Request pdf study of electron generation in electron beam machining. Oct 02, 2017 complete description on electron beam machining. For questions and queries whatsapp 9766597308 gmail pnk.
This report discusses the technology and system application. Ionbeam machining of millimeter scale optics prashant m. The cathode is generally made of tungsten or tantalum. As such one has to adopt experimental methods, which are cumbersome, time consuming, costly and at times not feasible. This beam pattern provided a good indication of the effects of beam oscillation on defect reduction.
Electron beam welding process, applications and equipment dr. Such processes include ion beam machining ibm, focused ion beam fib machining and plasma discharge machining. Study of electron generation in electron beam machining. Ion beam machining machine tool technology britannica. Literature data 24 and powder diffraction file pdf cards 000441294 76. Jan 06, 2015 electron beam machining process electron beam is generated in an electron beam gun. Electron beam machining ebm uses a focused beam of highvelocity electrons to. Banas united aircraft research laboratories i summary a direct comparison was made of electron beam, laser beam and arc welding processes in ti6alw alloy in nominal thicknesses of 0. These advantages allow the use of electron beam for welding reactive and nonferrous metals.
Other articles where ion beam machining is discussed. Electron beam machiningebm free download as powerpoint presentation. Further, the beam needs to be manoeuvred if required by the gun. Bifano an ionbeam microcontouring process is developed and implemented for. In ibm a stream of charged atoms ions of an inert gas, such as argon, is accelerated in a vacuum by high energies and directed toward a solid workpiece. Ebm can be used for very precise cutting or boring of a wide variety of metals. During this machining process, a small portion of metals is also eroded away, leaving a small cater. In ebm, electrons are accelerated to high velocity as half of the light speed, then it is impinged to. Mar 28, 2016 process capabilities advantages disadvantages application 3282016 er. The variation of the process parameters has a distinct and complex influence on the electron beam machining process products.
The influence of the input parameter in case of electron beam. Laser beam machining is a form of nontraditional machining that can machine almost any known materials. The values of process parameters are determined to yield the desired product quality and also to maximize the process performances. This process is used in many applications, including drilling, cutting, annealing, and welding. Pdf electron beam melting ebm is an additive manufacturing am process which can be used to fabricate complex 3d ti6al4v. Electron beam drilling is an innovative machining process, which drills many small holes in resistant material. Electron beam machining ebm is a thermal machining process in which highvelocity electrons concentrated into a narrow beam are used for instantly heating, melting, or vaporizing the material. Lecture notes on modern manufacturing process dr pramod.
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